On Safari and Firefox, Undo will work as it should: you can make a change, hit Apply, and if you dont like the results, click on the text box you changed and select Undo. Z//V_V erickcan/sound-change-applier - Github One or more elements in the environment can be marked as optional with parentheses. Some rules of sound change: As you will see below, these terms are general: multiple terms may refer to the same phenomena. As the name suggests, it is a proto-language, which eventually I am hoping to expand into a family of languages. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Categories: C=ptkbdg R=rl V=ieaou. p/b/V_V E.g. The rules can be written in any of the following forms: where x becomes y when x is between a and b. Then help me create a nat conlang by forcing a group of people to communicate with out speaking English or any other natlang. E.g. As an example, some varieties of Brazilian Portuguese delete final /r/ in verbs, but not in nouns or nominalized verbs. Conlang.org, LCS, is a site for conlangers, would-be conlangers, those interested in or curious about conlangs and anything else to do with conlanging. Kind of a simplistic exercise, but it's a good method to start. Some of the most common general processes are: Lenition, probably one of the most common sound changes, in which a "softer" sound becomes a "louder" sound. gen - language text generator - Zompist.com Eventually, other rules you discover are going to intersect and sometimes abrogate another law. In another 300 years, the similarity will be a question at some bar's trivia night. Is it possible to have consonant followed by Uvular sound. The Language Creation Society is a prestigious body of professional conlangers and resources. The Conlangery Podcast is a weekly podcast created by conlangers, for conlangers. compare it to is creating new animals indirectly, by mutating their DNA. This would help us realize that we really need a sound change For instance, if you voice intervocalic Phonetics can be cool, but for me the magic starts at the phonology. You signed in with another tab or window. E.g. The notation above is a common practice in rule-based phonology (I think. based on spellings or phonemes. I find myself running the program multiple times, tweaking the rules In that case, make sure Rewrite on output is unchecked. The Sound Change Applier 2 is an updated version of my C program which applies a set of sound changes to a lexicon. Sound Change Appliers : r/conlangs - Reddit Without this parameter, the output looks like this: The four non-lateral consonants ( [n] appears as a word final allophone of [], [p] is the most common realisation of the top right phoneme) And here are the vowels! The child language is going to contain all the history. Re: Reversible sound change applier. insufficient vowel reduction) another 35% of the time. as input for the next round of changes). Lenition is especially common intervocalically (between two vowels). 48. r/conlangs. As for b), the best way to get an idea for what kinds of things generally happen in languages is honestly probably just by reading about lots of different languages and seeing what tends to happen. phono - phonology creator - Zompist.com and the sound changes for Kebreni (right-click!). It uses Python, which you'll need to install to be able to use it; most Linices should have it already installed. This is an old version of Lexurgy. It is intended for anyone who wants to create artificial languagesfor a fantasy or an alien world, as a hobby, as an interlanguage. Unexpected uint64 behaviour 0xFFFF'FFFF'FFFF'FFFF - 1 = 0? Velarization is a secondary articulation of a consonant where the back of the tongue is raised towards the velum. Once you have that, you can start trying to change the phonology of the proto-language into this child draft by selecting sound changes and adding them to a list. u/o/_# file. Sometimes dialects are "behind the times" when compared to others, and this will launch you into the wonder world of diachronics. If you've done this right, the file won't Before you begin, you may want to have some idea of the kinds of sounds that you want your child language to have. will be taken as a comment and ignored. The third gives the input and output words in order. Make sure the two variable definitions are the same length! ), and strangest of all, Proto-Indo-European *dw to Armenian erk (???). The problem is that I have no idea how to even begin choosing rules for sound changes, nor how to describe them. Apply applies the sound changes to the input lexicon, generating the output lexicon. Conlang: Re: Reversible sound change applier (Henrik Theiling, May 14 Sound change appliers : r/conlangs - Reddit which tells the program to replace gn with nh unconditionally. 131. conlanging GitHub Topics GitHub If that was unclear from the question please tell me and I will edit it to bring this out more. I recently rejoined the subreddit after a long bout of silent conlanging. Landing Page | conlang.tools What are the most common sound changes in natlangs? conventional spellings, but I could just as easily have used Again, this is a feature very common in the French language. Don't feel limited to delete all /e/ after a consonant. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? A line beginning with * Curate this topic Add this topic to your repo . to each word: This is a common type of assimilation. Take a look at the documentation and the Lexurgy subreddit! A Guide to Sound Changes : r/conlangs - Reddit This basic structure can be expanded for more tricky rules. Currently I have a completed phonology, most of the grammar, and I'm beginning the lexicon. Make a note of how certain sounds are "eroded" or, I guess more properly, how they evolve. Privacy Policy. Rules apply in the order they're listed. Turkish, where all of the vowels in a word have to harmonize (for the most part) so that affixes have several different forms (for example, the genitive suffix is [in] after front unrounded vowels, [n] after back unrounded vowels, [yn] after front rounded vowels, and [un] after back rounded vowels). want to change the definition of V. Though sound changes can refer to digraphs, It takes some practice to be able to do this well, so don't worry too much if the final product isn't exactly the same as your draft. E.g. How do you determine a New Letter's sound? (For instance, the orthography may only apply to the parent language.) Some of these examples are my own, and I apologize if they don't work as universal examples. This is a type of assimilation. Is it possible? 1 / 0. I'm pretty tired and I may have been at a trivia night or two myself tonight, so I'll proofread this in the morning. Note that if you hit Apply without making any changes, all the bolding is removed (since in fact nothing changed between runs). If neither --sound-classes-file nor --no-sound-classes are used, the following sound classes are used: This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. For example, in English and Spanish, /n/ becomes [m] before bilabials and [] before velars (e.g. EDIT: (I actually tried installing Phonix but am currently having technical difficulties on a mac). I will add more features as people request them or as I get new ideas. Well talk about exactly what that means below. For example, *cwadrut yields hawar in language A and qewarro in language B and kawrs in language C but shwuntz in language D and shhwandaras in language E. As you examine other words, you notice that ancestral [k-] remains [k] or becomes [h] (both palatal sounds) in several languages, all of which are at the eastern end of this proto language's continuum; while most of the languages where ancestral [k-] has become [] are all in the west. The proto-language is going to be a conlang just as we have been making up until this point and should not have any history to it. Phonetics is where list the sounds you use in your language. intended to delete an i onset following an intervocalic consonant: Here are the three SCA's shown in this video:SCA2: https://www.zompist.com/sca2.htmlTriSCA: https://trimill.github.io/sca/Lexurgy: https://www.lexurgy.com/scLet me know if there are more sound changers you want me to review!Comment below.Become a part of the imp community today!Join the Discord!https://discord.gg/zCA2Urv7TcBecome a atron on Patreon!https://www.patreon.com/nguh-------------------Questions? Constructed Languages Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for designers and users of artificial or invented languages, consciously developed instead of having developed naturally. Some web browsers have a couple of problems with the shortcuts when writing online, but mouse-clicking always works. Scan this QR code to download the app now. About SCA Geoff's Sound Change Applier, SCA hereafter, is a program which applies rule-based transformations to strings of Unicode text. This subreddit is focused on the discussion of conlangs, tools, and activities to aid you in the construction of your own conlang, and creating a community environment where we can all enjoy conlanging together. Categories: The middle (y) part can be blank, as in The members offer conlinguistic services and organises Language Creation Conferences for the conlanging community. e//C_rV You can simply live with this, but if the merger is particularly awkward, . Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Are you sure you want to create this branch? 1000 there are some candidates: th-stopping: Essentially all continental Germanic languages stopped their th's to d's, including Frisian unrounding of umlauts vowels: /y/ -> /i/ and // -> /e/ happened in English, Yiddish, and is frequently encountered in German dialects Similarly, I wrote the rules to output The words get "smoothed" like gravel at a beach or in a desert. The episode are full of interesting and knowledgeable discussions which last around the hour. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. You can compare this to the Kebreni grammar in Virtual Verduria. Save Sound Changes. You do this by including the special line -* at the appropriate point in your sound changes file. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Sound changes can also result in homonyms. Similar ideas are umlaut and vowel harmony, in which vowels change depending on other vowels in the word. But which one do most people use? Every week, the hosts George Corley, Bianca Richards (ne Mangum), William S. Annis, David J. Peterson and Mike Lentine, as well as the occasional guest talk about a conlanging- or linguistics-related topic one week and feature a conlang or natlang the next. At the bottom of the Output section you'll see a link Download output lexicon. My plan to create these daughter languages is by using the zompist.com sound change applier app to evolve the words of my language into multiple daughter languages, and then apply semantic shifts, borrowings, and other pieces of worldbuilding contextbut that's a separate issue. Some features are: - it can run sound changes backward, reconstructing earlier forms of words, as well as forwards (which as far as I know no other sound change applier does); - it is fairly general in terms of the sound changes expressible; - it can understand X-SAMPA and (largely) CXS. Examples: Input Words Sound Changes Output >> >> Load Input Words. I haven't been able to get solid answers. orthographic Portuguese, simply to make for an easy example. means that c changes to i after a front vowel and before a t. You can use variables in the first two parts as well. The Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures, APiCS, is similar to WALS but is just for pidgins and creoles. Which are the best open-source conlang projects? Conlang: Re: Reversible sound change applier (Jamie Norrish, May 11 '06 Link: https://trimill.github.io/sca/. An IPA chart by the devoted web-developer Weston Ruter. Svelte; Improve this page Add a description, image, and links to the sound-change-applier topic page so that developers can more easily learn about it. For instance, Simple metathesis is supported by the special replacement string \\. They can get confused by any change that needs to happen in particular syllables, such as syllable-based syncope, or any change where the environment spans . (Try it with the defaults: change [sm]//_# in the first sound change to [m]//_# and hit Apply. This word exhibits sounds that did not change with rule B. Vowels next to nasal consonants very often become nasal themselves. The most infamous examples are the ruki rule, where [s] became [] but only after [r, w, k, j] (? an underline _, representing the font. SCA - Sound Change Applier. -f directs output to the output file only, You can define any variables needed to state your sound changes. phonology - What is an overview of sound changes? - Constructed Parse .sc will parse the consolidated text in the Sound Changes text box into the appropriate input boxes. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. degemination (making single consonants from double consonants). Latin American Spanish has innovated cocinar To do this, it applies some simple rules: If you dont want the input lexicon to go in your file, uncheck Files include input lexicon. Some common changes that can form part of your repertoire (with some sample sounds rules): I pay particular attention to the havoc the sound changes are likely to wreak on the At this point it hasn't received much testing or feedback, so I would appreciate any bug reports or suggestions submitted via an issue on GitHub. PHOIBLE Online is a repository of cross-linguistic phonological inventory data, which have been extracted from source documents and tertiary databases and compiled into a single searchable convenience sample. It should be easy to make on-the-fly revisions to a project, even one you haven't touched in months. Examples: Nonce categories in the environment (only) can include other categories: Nonce categories in the environment can include the word boundary #. can use alternate fields to indicate the conlang (i.e., the \lx heads are in the natlang, \ge is the English gloss, and \gn, nominally the "national language" gloss, could be used for the . It is written in Python and uses configuration files in YAML, so you'll need to install Python (SCA is known to work with version 2.6, but probably won't with 3.x) and PyYAML to be able to use it.. SCA was originally written as an aid for linguists and . it won't add .txt to your file name. N is any nasal. Just as a comment, umlaut and vowel harmony are really just subsets of assimilation. I've looked at examples of natural languages, but I'm not sure what's going on with the notation, nor have I been able to identify any patterns that will help me create realistic sound changes for my languages. Z=bdg Show intermediate results and Intermediate results only allow you to apply only a partial set of sound changes. Hit Undo parse/upload, which will restore the state of your input fields before the last Browse or Parse command. gives the transformed value of each character in the input variable (here S). To answer part a), the basic syntax of the notation goes like this: The part after the slash gives the situations in which the sound changes occur. This page collects a number of entrusted, and foremost - free, sources of linguistic and specialised information by the conlanging community, and the users of the Linguifex Wiki. This subreddit is focused on the discussion of conlangs, tools, and activities to aid you in the construction of your own conlang, and creating a community environment where we can all enjoy conlanging together, Scan this QR code to download the app now. It interacts with Google Maps to show geographical diffusion and concrete examples. Sometimes you want the rewrite rules to apply only to the input. phono - Phonology Builder. Sound change also has no memory. The program is available in three forms. This doesnt work on IE. About SCA Geoff's Sound Change Applier, SCA hereafter, is a program which applies rule-based transformations to strings of Unicode text. Those are the main ones. Consonants can palatalize before or after a front vowel ([i], [e]) or a palatal consonant ([j]), perhaps ending up as an affricate or fricative. Degemination can be accomplished using the special character . 'Gross' is /atek/, 'very gross' is /atekul/, and 'inedible food' is /ategetul/. C is any consonant. to the second category by analogy. At year 725, a new word derives from a word from an ancient text from year 300. This option is useful for very long vocabulary lists. If a nasal consonant disappears, the mark it left on the vowel may remain, causing nasal vowels to become phonemic. A sound change applier, for historical conlanging. Hope this helps a few people. I guess this forum really isn't set up for the kind of intense assistance & interaction you really need. (See here for how to add glosses. He also rips off an arm to use as a sword. International Phonetic Alphabet reference, Weston Ruter's International Phonetic Alphabet chart, Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures, https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Guide:Conlanging_tools&oldid=217154, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International. Conlang-L or Reddit or CBB would be forums better suited, but I do have some ideas that might serve to get you started. Lenition is the "weakening" of sounds. E.g. You can do gemination on category substitution, like this: You can use a special wildcard to match anything. The child language is the result; the language that you will present to other people, or put in your novel, or whatever other reason you conlang for. This is better if you have, say, a parent language with several daughters each with their own sound change file. 'to cook', since the original cocer has merged with Assimilation is when a sound changes to become more similar to the surrounding sounds. You can apply these rules in certain contexts or in very instance. This means we can read this as "post-vocalic [x] becomes [h] in initial syllables only.". A command-line sound change applier written in Python. and z is the environment. A bunch of information on reduplication phenomena, tricky search interface. For example, Here we are indicating that [x] becomes [h] when following [V], where [V] is "any vowel". Although it seems like sound change happens regardless of grammar, this is not necessarily true. (e.g. They can get confused by any change that needs to happen in particular syllables, such as syllable-based syncope, or any change where the environment spans multiple syllables, such as umlaut. So you really have a lot of room for creativity here, while still being able to be naturalistic. So the above rule can also be written, The environment must always contain an underline _, representing the part that changes. This list will help you: cosmicos, tone, langua, pandunia, Conkey, sca, and bead.