From his perch, what . This is crudely done since I am not a film editor. The courtroom showings of Garrison's copy in 1969 were the first time it had been shown in public as a film. Brugioni was considered the world's foremost imagery intelligence analyst until his death in 2015. There are many strange content images in the Zapruder Film. Reymond's depiction of what he saw in the "other" Zapruder film is verified by Dellarosa, who described it in more detail: But the reports of these two witnesses are not the only reports that the limousine stopped. The court held that "there is a public interest in having the fullest information available on the murder of President Kennedy, saying that Thompson "did serious work on the subject and has a theory entitled to public consideration" and that "the copying by defendants was fair and reasonable. He filmed from the time the presidential limousine turned onto Elm Street[1] for a total of 26.6seconds, exposing 486 frames of standard 8 mm KodachromeII safety film, running at an average of 18.3 frames/second. Zapruder wasn't only a 33 Degree and a Jew. In a statement to the FBI made on Mar. This directly contradicts the Zapruder Film and others that show much the same imagery. So if the blurred frames were caused by Zapruder moving the camera in order to keep up with the movement of the limo,by his own admission the "clear" frame ( 312 ) must have been caused by the camera taking a "still". Director Oliver Stone paid over $85,000 to the Zapruder family for use of the Zapruder film in his motion picture JFK (1991). The processed film then was taken by Zapruder to the Jamieson labs so that 3 optical print copies could be made. Under those circumstances, those responsible for the editing of the original Zapruder film ( CIA ) would have been forced to retain the headshot frames. NARA may make a single fair-use copy of the film and sell it to any researcher. Consider the distance between Jackies right hand and the left handhold grasped by Clint Hill. Dino and his team projected the film for two members of the Secret Service several times, and they indicated which frames they wanted prints made from, which in turn should be included on the briefing boards. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. JFK film mystery: Lost original footage of Kennedy assassination sparks There's no telling who possessed it or for how long and leaves open the possibility that this film was indeed tampered with. In 1994, the footage was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". Whatever went on, it does seem we have missing images, the Elm turn and the limo stop and the obvious conclusion being dark arts were being practiced. Abe never remembered getting down from the ledge or anything that happened in the immediate aftermath of the shooting except for his own anguished screams. Some years ago, the late JFK researcher/author Jim Marrs interviewed a man named William Reymond, a JFK author/researcher from France who claimed to have seen another version of the Zapruder film. [21] Zapruder's film was aired as part of a Los Angeles area television newscast on February 14, 1969. He tried negotiating with Life for the rights to print important individual frames in his book Six Seconds in Dallas. Have you ever wondered why no one on Houston Street or on Elm Street, except Abe Zapruder, filmed the p. limo from the passenger side? There have been many people who have claimed to have seen an unaltered complete filming of the assassination. As I said earlier, this alteration method is based on the Elsie Dorman film. ZAPRUDER fILM - Who Killed JFK It would seem that the composite film was made from a copy that had been reviewed in Washington while Dino Brugioni was printing stills and preparing briefing boards from the original. This, he hypothesized, meant the president had been shot from behind. There are serious doubts about whether the film is original and an accurate depiction of the assassination.. But a stop DURING the shooting sequence, at a time when Jackie was neither on the trunk nor Clint Hill had started toward the rear of the limo, could either be a sign that the driver realized he was driving into an ambush in front of him, or more sinisterly, making it easier for the shooters to kill JFK. The public's response and outrage to that television showing quickly led to the forming of the Hart-Schweiker investigation, which contributed to the Church Committee Investigation on Intelligence Activities by the United States, and resulted in the House Select Committee on Assassinations investigation. I guess there was a noise, but it didnt seem like any different noise really because there is so much noise, motorcycles and things. [20], Before the 1969 trial of Clay Shaw, a businessman from New Orleans, for conspiracy in connection with the assassination, a copy of the film made several generations from the original was subpoenaed from Time Inc. in 1967 by New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison for use at Shaw's grand jury hearing. [33] Horne discovered the NPIC worked on two different versions of the Zapruder film on Saturday and Sunday nights immediately following the assassination, which had occurred on Friday. All for what? The inaccuracies in his description contributed to many conspiracy theories about the assassination. He says, 'I've got it all on there.'" Part of the motorcade route through Dallas. After a while, his receptionist, Marilyn Sitzman came walking up the hill. It is a difficult film to look at and doesnt really show that much. He was interviewed by researchers Fred Newcomb and Perry Adams and told them, as reported in their unpublished 1974 manuscript Murder from Within, thathe observed the limousine stop for just a moment. The camera had a governor control, so its speed was constant. Erin Blakemore is a journalist from Boulder, Colorado. ", Zapruder insisted that frame 313 be excluded from publication. This claim is significant, because if the limo had stopped AFTER the shooting sequence, it could be argued that it stopped because Jackie was on the trunk or to give agents on the followup car a chance to reach the limo. ), Below is a still frame that seems to show Jackie much closer to Hill. But it's difficult to believe that all of these witnesses could have simply been mistaken about what they observed. However, frames 208211 were missing, a splice was visible in frames 207 and 212, frames 314 and 315 were switched around, and frame 284 was a repeat of 283. It would have been impossible to alter the film in such a way as to depict the movement of the head as being anything other than what it was. JFK is hit in the head before he reaches the car, or so it appears on that badly damaged film. She said, As I snapped the picture I heard a shot ring out Then I heard another shot ring out and Mrs. Kennedy jumped up in the car I heard three or four shots in all., Sheriff William Decker, who was in the lead car, which was so far to the west it was almost at the underpass, said, As the Motorcade was proceeding down Elm Street, I distinctly remember hearing 2 shots. However, no wound or blood is seen on either President Kennedy or Governor Connally prior to frame 313. And he mixed in the claims of the official story, as if they were his own observations. I combined the two versions: This editing out of the stop resulted in my finger looking like it just slowed down. The Kennedy Assassination and Zapruder Film: Conspiracy - Medium Dellarosa described what the turn looked like in detail: Abraham Zapruder was never asked by the Warren Commission why the film begins with the limousine already on Elm St. ( 22 H 662 ) Your explanation is logical. Costella was talking about the technical aspects of the film and not the content of the film. Below is an especially clear copy of Zapruder frame #375. Four hundred and eighty six frames later, Zapruder had not only captured history, he had made it. Member of Amnesty International. [25], On April 24, 1997, the Assassination Records Review Board (ARRB), which the JFK Act created, announced a "Statement of Policy and Intent with Regard to the Zapruder Film". Mo Weitzman made several internegatives in 1968, giving the best to Life and retaining the test copies. The limo would had to have been stopped as well. As I said earlier, this alteration method is based on the Elsie Dorman film. See the "Rather Lies" page for the chronology of what happened to the Zapruder Film. ( Z-210 ) I sometimes wonder if the original film had images of JFK being hit from the front PRIOR to disappearing behind the Stemmons sign, and 'jumping up' as some witnesses described. Louis. The picture below a still from the Nix film shows Abraham Zapruder directly across from Nix, standing on an abutment. Amid the confusion were two people with unique vantage points: Abraham Zapruder and Jean Hill. However, the copyright for the film is owned by the Sixth Floor Museum in Dallas Texas. Keep in mind that this film was never intended to be released to the public. He had open ties to the CIA. It just couldn't be done. Brugioni prepared identical one sheet of notes that accompanied each set the briefing boards, which included the name of each person who had seen the film and worked on the production of the prints and briefing boards. One has a film of the p. limo traveling down Elm Street. I recall one researcher saying that the Elsie Dorman was the worst photographer ever. The car dips into the lower part of the camera frame, and as the president's body sinks down in the car toward his wife, the fatal shot strikes him. That is about 20% of the witnesses in Dealey Plaza. I recall that Vince Palarmara said something like 59 witnesses said the p. limo came to a stop. The JFK Assassination Was a Hoax: Agent Zapruder Exposed I can find no cache of individual frames from the Nix film, but here are two copies of the film that offer different advantages: A good steady copy that stops on each frame: We dont really know what any of it means. Changing the direction of the head was not. He combined that information with the shutter speed of the film that documented the shooting. the biggest tragedy is that another version exists which none of us have seen. Those first few seconds of the film are perfect: The sun is shining and you can clearly see the unmistakable, handsome face of the president as he brushes his hair from his face, lowering his arm as he turns toward the crowds on his right, smiling, and raising his hand again to wave briefly. In his testimony before the Warren Commission, Zapruder said that the cause of the blurred frames was because he was moving the camera. Not only were such bullets never recovered, he writes, but the movements of Kennedys head are only consistent with a shot from the back. [35] Brugioni then stated the Zapruder film in the National Archives today, and available to the public, specifically frame 313, is an altered version of the film he saw and worked with on November 2324, the earlier of the two versions handled by the NPIC. Taylor Swift took to social media to assure fans her hand was doing fine after she suffered what looked like a painful off-stage injury in Houston. He told Lane that his film "got lost in the processing plant" and that when he got it back, it was missing frames. A U.S. District Court ruled in 1968 that the Time Inc. copyright of the Zapruder film was not violated by invoking the doctrine of fair use. He tried a few places, walking all along the curb on Elm Street, but could not find solid footing there. Updated: March 18, 2019 | Original: April 26, 2018. Frequently Asked Questions | National Archives But if the Nix film was missing frames, how could that be ? But, writes Nalli, his model is unique in that it focuses on the forward motion of the presidents head after he was shot. Hill, the woman in red in the Zapruder film, stood less than ten feet away from the presidential limousine facing the now-famous grassy knoll. In fact, there were no fewer than 22 photographers on Dealey Plaza, most of them amateurs, positioned along the last part of the motorcade route. Nallis model took things like the mass and speed of the bullet and measurements into account. (This has implications for jiggle analysis the correlation of a shot with film blur caused by a photographers startle reflex. The Zapruder film gives a much closer view of the action, and of whatever may have landed on the trunk as a result of JFK's devastating wound which might suggest a shot from the front a possibility that would raise serious questions about the official narrative of the assassination, that JFK was shot from behind. Was that an unslit 16mm/8mm, or a 16mm single strip? By Classical musician and author of several sets of trading cards including Iran-Contra Scandal, Bush League, and Coup D'etat JFK assassination. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. The Other Shooter: The Saddest and Most Expensive 26 Seconds of - Vice JFK Zapruder Film: All Frames & High Quality - YouTube That gives one a lot of scenes to use elsewhere. The Nix film shows far less detail because it was taken at a distance. [1], On the morning of November 23, CBS lost the bidding for the footage to Life magazine's $150,000 offer ($1,330,000 in 2023). And he associates a third shot with the way it sounded as he lay on the ground. But he testified that he did so immediately after hearing the first shot. That's 0.66 seconds. I have 108+ witnesses who said that shooting occurred differently and mainly in the intersection of Elm and Houston and in front of the TSBD. The film has been featured in films and other media, such as the Oliver Stone film JFK. The Zapruder Film - JFK Assassination Debate - The Education Forum I have postulated on another thread that what we now see is the remainder of a rear headshot (Rydberg drawing) causing the side blowout and a subsequent frontal headshot causing the rear blowout (excised). One can choose to believe the top piece of evidence convincing people there was a conspiracy was actually faked to suggest no conspiracy, or that people's memories are often in error. After having a nightmare in which he saw a sign in Times Square, New York City, with the phrase "See the President's head explode! or as Doug Horne thinks, 'the blob on the side of JFK's head was painted in to fit actions at Bethesda. OK, call that a short one second, between gunshots. His analogy, standing against something metal strongly suggests he was in contact with the car when JFK was shot in the head. He rushed over to Dealey Plaza, where he spotted Abe holding his camera and immediately approached him to find out if he had caught the shooting on film. [10][13]", Source: ( Noel Twyman, Bloody Treason, ( 1995 ) pg. What Does the Zapruder Film Really Tell Us? - Smithsonian Magazine Between November 1963 and January 1964, the FBI examined a copy of the Zapruder film, noting that the camera recorded at an average of 18.3 frames per second. He turned his film over to the FBI on December 1, 1963. According to an undated, unpublished transcript of an interview he had with the Dallas Times-Herald, Hargis told repeated:I felt blood hit me in the face, and the presidential car stopped immediately after that and stayed stopped about half a second, then took off at a high rate of speed. Season ticket holder @ Sale Sharks (Rugby Union)+Season ticket holder @ Manchester United Women F.C. One other thing to be aware of is the position of the photographers, relative to each other and to the street. The other day I was trying to make sense of some strange discrepancies in what a Secret Service agent said about what he saw when President John F. Kennedy was shot. Many witness stories suggest JFK was hit more than once in the head in a flurry of shots fired close together. Frames were also published in color in the December 6, 1963 special "John F. Kennedy Memorial Edition", and in issues dated October 2, 1964 (a special article on the film and the Warren Commission report), November 25, 1966, and November 24, 1967. 'Parkland' is powerful, disturbing Some described it as a pause, a halt or a hesitation. On November 22, 1963, Abraham Zapruder shot what has become the most famous home movie of all time: a chilling 26-second snippet of film depicting the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Asked about the origin of the second shot he heard: It was right, but I cannot say for sure that it was rear, because when I mounted the car it was it had a different sound than the first sound that I heard. But what they dont tell you is that, depending on the location of the witness in relation to the shooter, two shots can sound like one. all three of these films were altered, or. ( Dealey Plaza Echo, Volume 2, Issue 1, pg. Below, he seems to be describing the effects of two bullets fired nearly simultaneously, one of which he thought was a near miss, disturbing only JFKs hair. In early 1964, the Warren Commission spent weeks examining the footage and conducting tests on Zapruders camera during its official investigation of the assassination. The circled number is the frame of video. I immediately looked to my right, and, in so doing, my eyes had to cross the Presidential limousine and I saw President Kennedy grab at himself and lurch forward and to the left. " Jackie recoils, her mouth open in horror, and suddenly she is climbing out of the open- top car, scrambling on the back hood of the limousine, met by Secret Service agent Clint Hill, who pushes her back down into the seat. all 10 of the witnesses listed above were wrong. Plenty of information about the crime has been public for years, and Nalli drew from that well of data to create a model of the physical processes of the gunshot wound. There was a risk, however: He would need to set the telephoto lens on full zoom in order to get a clear view of them, and he worried that he would get dizzy standing up on the ledge while following them through the lens as they passed by. You're right, except that the headshot could not be edited. JFK Assassination Film: Proof of Tampering? Black Secret Service Agent, Jailed for JFK Plot Warning,, JFK Murder: Evolving Strategies for Damage Control, Was a Stop the Steal Election Hijacking Strategy Brewed Up. We KNOW the Muchmore film has an anomaly at Z312-313. Wrone is a history professor who tracks the chain of evidence for the film. Each object that appears during the film has its starting position equal to where it appears first in its frames. One of the first-generation Secret Service copies was loaned to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in Washington, D.C., which made a second-generation copy. There has been much recent discussion and debate about the authenticity of the Zapruder film of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in Dallas on November 22, 1963. 153. Who had the ability to do this ? I think people remember when they are struck in the back with a bullet that knocks them forward, and that memory is confirmed on film. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Amateur films by Abraham Zapruder and Orville Nix do not agree with each other in at least one obvious way. Foster was a Dallas policeman stationed on the railroad overpass at the corner of Elm, Main and Commerce Streets. It was an important piece of evidence before the Warren Commission hearings, and all subsequent investigations of the assassination. This is why the images don't line up in the frame and why the edges of the frame don't line up when the images do. McCormick had been at the Trade Mart waiting for the president to arrive when he heard of the shooting. Throw out 20% of the witnesses because they said something different. Geraldo Rivera of ABC's Good Night America changed a nation's perception of the JFK assassination when he showed the Zapruder film for the first time to a nationwide . They moved toward the pergola where the Hesters had been standing during the motorcade, but in the panic and chaos, Abe soon got separated from the rest of them. [16] In response to an inquiry, then-FBI director J. Edgar Hoover wrote in 1965 that frames 314 and 315 had been swapped due to a printing error, and that that error did not exist in the original Warren Commission exhibits. Abraham Zapruder was known by everyone around him as someone who loved making these home movies and films. Can you visually identify anyone in the p. limo? JFK: The Last Dissenting Witness, Bill Sloan, Jean Hill - eBay Twyman continues: "I called Mr. Coburn and he told me that his optical printers in those days could certainly capture all of the information on 8mm film, between the sprocket holes and even beyond the edges of the film if one wanted. [24], In April 1975, in settlement of a royalties suit between Time Inc. and Zapruder's heirs that arose from the ABC showing, Time Inc. sold the film's initial rendition and its copyright back to the Zapruder family for the token sum of $1. It can be found in an article by attorney and JFK researcher Carol Hewett that is just stunning, rich in insight and very hard-to-get information. Doug Horne's breakneck timeline aside, there would be no time to review the film after Brugioni finished, make the decision to send it to Hawkeye Works, and then get the composite back to NPIC for McMahon and Hunter to make new prints from and prepare alternate briefing boards. ZAPRUDER FILM. The provenance of the Zapruder film was firmly established and the film was regarded as the single most reliable piece of assassination evidence.Today, however, things are different. [His secretary] Lillian remembered that "Everybody was going nuts, turning on the television. There are 108+ witnesses who say something different happened than the favored conspiracy theories based on the Zapruder Film, or the Official Story about what happened during the assassination. The best record of the assassination to stand the test of time is Abraham Zapruder's famous 26 seconds of 8mm film photographed just steps from the president's motorcade. There would be a difference between the viewers desired and the viewers who could conceivably see the composite. JFK's Assassination Video Was Kept From The Public For 12 - HuffPost Scientist's Trick 'Explains' JFK Backward Movement When Shot But critics have pointed out those things that make the films provenance suspect; its images are chock-full of unexplained anomalies as well as inconsistencies between the Zapruder film and Dealey Plaza eyewitness testimony. Over on Main, Orville Nix was waiting with a movie camera and color film, as well. [38] Kodak engineer Ronald Zavada ran experiments with the film Abraham Zapruder used and concluded that the film is authentic. For your convenience, here are links to frames that appear before, during, and after Jackie gets to the farthest place on the trunk. [43], In "Murder Most Foul", a musical meditation on Kennedy's assassination and its effect on American counterculture, Bob Dylan sings 'Zapruder's film I've seen that before / seen it 33 times maybe more' [44]. From those slides, the FBI made a series of black-and-white prints, which were given to the commission for its use. Again, why Elsie Dorman? The Zapruders went on to license the footage to several other sources, including filmmaker Oliver Stone, who used it in his 1991 film JFK. Stones film helped lead to the creation of the Assassination Records Review Board, which would later decide that the U.S. government should own all footage related to the Kennedy assassination. On November 29, 1963, President Lyndon Johnson directed the Warren Commission to . Dallas police officer Marrion L. Baker, a Dallas police motorcyclist who was on Houston Street when the first shot was fired, testified to the Warren Commission that shortly after the assassinationSeveral officers said it stopped completely.When then asked whether he had heard from other Dallas police officers that the limousine had stopped, he testified:Yes, sir; thatit had completely stopped, and then for a moment there, and then they rushed on out to Parkland. ( 3 H 266 ) I can understand why the Z-film was sequestered. But we do know that a tremendous amount of chicanery has been performed in the presentation of evidence in this entire case. What really happened - Moto-Related - Motocross Forums / Message Boards It confirmed Nallis theoryand shows that its unlikely that the president was shot from the grassy knoll in front of him. And when I say stopped, I mean very momentarily, like they hit the brakes and just a few seconds passed and then they floorboarded and accelerated past." Dino indicated in the interview that he was positive that they had the original film, and that when they projected it for the two members of the Secret Service, it was the first time they had viewed the film. Besides it shows Houston Street and everybody, I mean everybody, knows the assassination happened on Elm Street down in front of the Grassy Knoll. The natural inclination would be to step on the gas and accelerate as quickly as possible. However, I dont believe that is the case. Under those circumstances, why should we not explore the possibility that government officials might also have altered the Zapruder film ? Gil JesusFebruary 11, 2022 in JFK Assassination Debate. Keep in mind that this film was never intended to be released to the public. Hill said he saw JFKs head come apart after he reached the car. Dellarosa said that the limousine just didn't slow down, it stopped and driver William Greer was looking straight at JFK when the bullet hit him in the head. was put in play perhaps while Brugioni was still working, and carried the copy from Washington to Rochester, and then back to NPIC. Reymond also claimed that he had seen the version through a friend of his who was a member of a right wing group in France called ETEC. Removal of too many frames on that film would be noticeable. On November 22, 1963, Abraham Zapruder shot what has become the most famous home movie of all time: a chilling 26-second snippet of film depicting the assassination of President John F. Kennedy . When the work was complete, Dino Brugioni reviewed the briefing boards and notes with his superior, Arthur Lundahl, whom he had called and requested come to the facility. Astudy published in the journal Helios corroborates that conclusion. So decisions made as to what could be seen in the composite had to be across-the-board convincing of the cover story, at least within the limits of argument. Get a copy of the film, use good software, and look at each frame of the film. The Zapruder film is a silent 8mm color motion picture sequence shot by Abraham Zapruder with a Bell & Howell home-movie camera, as United States President John F. Kennedy's motorcade passed through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963.It captured the assassination of the President..
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